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LearnEnglishBest / Рассказы, статьи / Топик Russia's Achievements - Достижения России

Russia`s Achievements - Достижения России

Russia`s Achievements - Достижения РоссииRussia can take pride in numerous achievements and developments in many fields. Russian science, art and literature have been abundant in great names for centuries, and the country has been regarded as a great power playing an important role in the world's history at least since the reign of Peter the Great. There are some achievements, though, which are usually associated with Russia and which I am proud of most.

The first one is Russia's contribution to space exploration. The theory of space exploration was created in the USSR before the Second World War by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. Under the direction of the designer and engineer Sergei Korolev a liquid-fuelled missile R-7 Semyorka was built. It was an intercontinental ballistic missile and an excellent basis for a space launch vehicle. Launching the first satellite Sputnik 1 on the 4th of 1957 immediately became a sensation the world over.

Russia could boast many firsts in space travel. Among the most important ones are launching the R-7 Semyorka, launching the first man-made satellite Sputnik 1 into the Earth orbit, sending the first animal to enter orbit in space, the first manned flight by Yuri Gagarin on board Vostok, the first dual manned flight and approach in space, the first woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova on Vostok 6, first docking between two manned craft in Earth orbit and exchange of crews, taking the first probe on the Moon, the first images of the Moon's far side, the first robotic space rover Lunokhod, the first space station Salyut 7 (1971), the first woman to walk in space, Svetlana Savitskaya in 1984, the first crew to spend over one year in space (1987), the first permanently manned space station Mir which orbited the Earth from 1986 until 2001, the first space satellite launched in 1998 from a submarine.

The second thing I admire is Russian classical music which is famous all over the world for the complex harmony it offers, Russia has a long history of classical music. The first important Russian composer was Mikhail Glinka (1804—1857) who added religious and folk elements to classical compositions, composing operas like Ruslan and Lyudmila and Ivan Susanin which were distinctively Russian yet based on the Italian tradition. Glinka and the composers who made up The Mighty Handful after him (Rimsky-Korsakov, Mussorgsky, Balakirev, Borodin and Cesar Cui) were often influenced by Russian folk music and tales. Among the Mighty Handful's most notable compositions were the operas The Snow Maiden, Sadko, Boris Godunov, Prince Igor and Khovanshchina, and the symphonic suite Scheherazade.

Other prominent Russian composers include Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff, and in the 20th century Stravinsky, Prokofiev, Scriabin and Shostakovich. Of these, Tchaikovsky remains the most well-known outside Russia, and his fame as the country's most famous composer is unquestioned. He is best known for ballets like Swan Lake and The Nutcracker.

The third thing I admire is Russian classical literature universally known for its psychological depth and powerful style. Many prose writers and poets all over the world have been influenced by the giants of Russian classical literature like Pushkin, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, to name only a few.

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